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E. Margaret Burbidge Modern Alchemy: Stars, Chemistry and Cosmology The Riddle of the Redshift: The Universe We Don't Understand An astrophysicist and a co-investigator of the Hubble Space Telescope team, E. Margaret Burbidge is considered to be one of the most renowned observational astronomers and astrophysicists of our time. A major direction of Burbidge's research concerns the internal dynamics and masses of galaxies. Her earliest research work concerned chemical abundance in stars of various types, and culminated in the now classic work "Synthesis of the Elements in Stars" by Burbidge, Burbidge, Fowler, and Hoyle (1957). They concluded that all the chemical elements were produced in stars. Burbidge has argued that scientists must impart the wonder of science to the public, and address social problems. She has also emphasized the need for opportunities for women and minorities in science. Born in England in 1919, Burbidge received her Ph.D. from the University of London where she subsequently served as acting Director of the Observatory. She has held appointments at the Yerkes Observatory of the University of Chicago, the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, England, and the California Institute of Technology. Since 1964, she has been Professor of Astronomy at the University of California, San Diego. Her achievements have been recognized with honors, prizes, and honorary degrees, including the Warner Prize in Astronomy (shared with Geoffrey Burbidge, 1959) and the National Medal of Science in 1985. Burbidge has been President of the American Astronomical Society (1976-1978), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1982).
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